abandon

周志高 提交于 周三, 03/25/2020 - 11:20

abandon  [əˈbændən]

这个词可以做及物动词使用,也可以做不可数名词使用。

柯林斯词典对这个词的英文释义:

  1. V-T. If you abandon a place, thing, or person, you leave the place, thing, or person permanently or for a long time, especially when you should not do so. 
  2. V-T. If you abandon an activity or piece of work, you stop doing it before it is finished.
  3. V-T. If you abandon an idea or way of thinking, you stop having that idea or thinking in that way.

可见 abandon 这个及物动词,其基本义为“放弃、抛弃、丢弃”,其后面可以接 地点、事物、人、活动、工作、想法、思维等作为补充。

例句:

  • Her parents had abandoned her just after she was born.  她出生后她的父母就遗弃了她。
  • I abandoned any attempt to convince her. 我放弃了说服她的努力。
  • We persuade him to abandon his unrealistic idea.  我们劝说他放弃他的不现实的主意。

4.  N-uncount. If you say that someone does something with abandon, you mean that they behave in a wild, uncontrolled way and do not think or care about how they should behave.

可见,abandon 作为不可数名词时,其涵义基本等同于汉语的“放纵”, 显然这是从 “抛弃”、“放弃”这样的基本义引申出来的引申义。

例句:

  • He lived a life with reckless abandon.  直译:他以前过的生活伴随着不计后果的放纵。意译:他以前过着放纵的生活。

 

abandon 加上后缀 -ed, 经常用作形容词,其读音是 /əˈbændənd/

abandoned 做 adjective 时,其涵义为“被废弃的”: An abandoned place or building is no longer used or occupied. 

下图是一些 abandoned buildings:

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abandoned building
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abandoned building
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abandoned building
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abandoned building

 

常见词组:

abandon to